- 清水、预制、装饰混凝土及GRC裂缝的成因、预防与处理
- 郭学明
- 703字
- 2021-11-12 11:46:23
建筑类型
1.清水混凝土建筑
2.装配式建筑
3.装饰混凝土建筑表皮
4.GRC建筑表皮
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_01.jpg?sign=1739565686-I2nOjyS8Pa1dicdxsTfUWFs90WfTddOY-0-2e5a8cf7049070b1f5e875f2650e2689)
图C-1 纽约清水混凝土超高层公寓
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_02.jpg?sign=1739565686-A2Gk2wKavlN4Y7CpsbR2LVBI5DFMByjP-0-4d5c7bc901016ed2a7f15bbb4841e3a6)
图C-2 沈阳春河里装配式高层住宅
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_03.jpg?sign=1739565686-JECNjeTTJeud6YNFy1UtgnUq3b2JBRpK-0-c57c5c2f05a654dc2f9b7956bda55463)
图C-3 加拿大卡尔加里大学装饰混凝土建筑表皮
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_04.jpg?sign=1739565686-zvCi8o20qNCzD5e7IH0kBxoWEA5GpebL-0-d9a4cebba456e9ad33e941c5e68f88df)
图C-4 装饰混凝土质感
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_05.jpg?sign=1739565686-dEFJDnmqRifkB3G9K7tnl91EJUkGahVc-0-e79e190756d4b74bd7fe7af7bbaffbda)
图C-5 张家口冬奥会体育馆GRC建筑表皮
龟裂与不规则裂缝
5.龟裂
6.不规则短裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_01.jpg?sign=1739565686-vn9iNE6BNq9EqFjBvkpZBBb9oXddxyKO-0-e330e1ca2f09e71d0444bfc5696cb4f8)
图C-6 凝缩龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_02.jpg?sign=1739565686-u8DjDyqXzStpFG13VSUhMU6kN041ZgEy-0-bed79b461709984d459fa7c200377157)
图C-7 预制混凝土早期失水收缩龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_03.jpg?sign=1739565686-8mZ8roK1RvPKeU3qJmWk9ws2YRciMreI-0-13133efdd353c30013e14b45b930ea8e)
图C-8 纽约吉普斯湾公寓碳化收缩龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_04.jpg?sign=1739565686-jf2KCkVoH5D2JwpyxfbunOBr9NE9Fq0a-0-4d9c8c432babf0a65f12534df7338a77)
图C-9 上海喜马拉雅中心“碱-骨料反应”龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_05.jpg?sign=1739565686-5BJxGOp3ORB7JZhsPpHbrtvOW8wNsYPh-0-e3ae8ad2ed642879a5537b8aacfaa207)
图C-10 GRC龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_06.jpg?sign=1739565686-bIt6AY1di0U5aBAkeW2FgoYDw7TWlM3i-0-72a0347338a411d49f8f91ee11d7ef24)
图C-11 装饰混凝土不规则裂缝
冻融、钢筋锈蚀、装饰混凝土裂缝
7.冻融裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_01.jpg?sign=1739565686-ASFlOtAxwmwX0Tie8UA8yyhFKwY6unlW-0-6147ff723cd6ee8dadf949dc05def7a1)
图C-12 剥离性冻融裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_02.jpg?sign=1739565686-lnbTB91vPIBGZTrNHdwb4qV7tO6RqnPP-0-09ae608f974aa7b32d87ab21c4e50a0e)
图C-13 装饰混凝土表面酥松冻融破坏
8.钢筋锈蚀裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_03.jpg?sign=1739565686-W0cW1vbE4G0QpN02QRFzBJaYeMXkphfU-0-ab82c2cac04fa583c3a22a9242311549)
图C-14 海边柱子钢筋锈蚀裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_04.jpg?sign=1739565686-9BXx9TcYiZ6bwkc8oijEbZm7cOtVRkeF-0-d6facc4fda7b7dc4dc516e749f693fa9)
图C-15 曲面混凝土墙钢筋锈蚀裂缝
9.装饰混凝土裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_05.jpg?sign=1739565686-xythTMCaAy0m4mcBveiHr23z8R7ZI2SE-0-65a3e75a2579c22966843ba1291d33d1)
图C-16 装饰混凝土构件穿透洞缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_06.jpg?sign=1739565686-SjbHGldLnFnv4Y6GAjViWrPGdamjckE3-0-19a6825d3968d5b0cdf3031b8d30f885)
图C-17 装饰混凝土板横向裂缝
应力集中裂缝
10.应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_01.jpg?sign=1739565686-NNbnqgIRSnrTnO1rM0MlgzX4VK98Cl4t-0-a18e59a58dcdfb706149c68a68f6f317)
图C-18 清水混凝土对拉螺栓孔应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_02.jpg?sign=1739565686-rFMfHG4RBYLCzgNKzOoVjERLmDPV7UPM-0-eff35180d7328f6c87276cf64d17b186)
图C-19 对拉螺栓孔连通裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_03.jpg?sign=1739565686-F9CDTlhqzGUHoPwn7TJcmPhinJto0SSn-0-5ce17b8b0e4392df06810b0b8539298c)
图C-20 预留洞口应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_04.jpg?sign=1739565686-HwhtaBT1tAQl041A6YIKhGd0jGksxNaz-0-be15eb4fd3cfb5d91bbfe7841d6e145d)
图C-21 预埋件螺母应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_05.jpg?sign=1739565686-qBZQ9Wzdq4SgPKEW2mCK3S5TROYcNu8R-0-db054f4597e6487212b02e2bb211cc11)
图C-22 楼梯转角应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_06.jpg?sign=1739565686-DE3JyA8FjQncrKyx83IhaKPDYGOmbwJe-0-ebd1be291b858f00b6954463797e76f0)
图C-23 形体变化处应力集中裂缝
现浇混凝土墙体裂缝
11.现浇混凝土墙体裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_01.jpg?sign=1739565686-yutWMaZXGYQBJ6EuTbRQf8vXS7HdL75Q-0-5daf8225e42f3563d0dcce8d627e0eb0)
图C-24 现浇清水混凝土长墙裂缝,一段距离一道裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_02.jpg?sign=1739565686-pg3jBD6zhYVXs6rbPD9GSAqNIxskRJBd-0-e622c821170ad49ad9c2b5ca2af71b13)
图C-25 清水混凝土长墙严重的竖向裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_03.jpg?sign=1739565686-jBKS8hPKyLQJIcEusRrm4uzDWGIiI9bf-0-ce123a56d995ba8df2c3bdb9ea9f5b99)
图C-26 端部刚性约束墙体裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_04.jpg?sign=1739565686-nZ0EQuzCT5ZjoHmuTd2fmMaZ9Hvvkb2e-0-0d7801d78064e49e2fc7beb70c43b71d)
图C-27 清水混凝土墙体斜裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_05.jpg?sign=1739565686-ehWNJoOF6HQA7SJqjgyWVyie2dl0ETwy-0-3d13dd081fa8d1df9bee2d93f2eb216a)
图C-28 曲面墙洞顶裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_06.jpg?sign=1739565686-WN1KuYLy88qP60WY23PXeSXNiLyjW6JP-0-4f77e9ba8fcc757fc46152f734234590)
图C-29 墙体局部约束裂缝
现浇柱、梁、板裂缝
12.现浇柱、梁、板
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_01.jpg?sign=1739565686-ftzIsf1rJB930qkUHqwfRsAUlnK6qrO7-0-1b7e6c8f6291868a5f47a6ff3c69ecc6)
图C-30 柱子横裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_02.jpg?sign=1739565686-wiqXCeyAPLlbYBbWSH8BYar4GMjXGOef-0-54bfcf4dfa03aab6b828157622668b4f)
图C-31 柱子横裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_03.jpg?sign=1739565686-9fkFzitlK3E4nPwfFxmxlm2ZgemliFte-0-309d83973e20506b28b659a45695e933)
图C-32 施工因素柱子横裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_04.jpg?sign=1739565686-8EDLkmuNJ5y6evZ7LiGLD6fD3y1Jkj9s-0-857a8966ceeb71c09b6696c8352b7e24)
图C-33 梁裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_05.jpg?sign=1739565686-cujsuU51e9A1sHQxAK5im9GEBLIwO3eO-0-2db4f859cce08bfa3f8fb6b9f16a3c56)
图C-34 梁裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_06.jpg?sign=1739565686-dwU0JT13nCafwhui49uMgx0Hj0AIrAOX-0-99ef0a06c94fd16b70785d4de149581e)
图C-35 墙板裂缝
PC构件裂缝
13.PC构件裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_01.jpg?sign=1739565686-JhutyXECaraP43SmrsRNNYxtyCW6jevK-0-40aff7d51c4ef02f48a37503d06dd79d)
图C-36 构件脱模时裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_02.jpg?sign=1739565686-v1CdZTwQ5cyhIhypYGPOly7r8iO8SMrR-0-d246f88a0f6eb8620089e897819e53ca)
图C-37 叠合板顶纵向裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_03.jpg?sign=1739565686-rATl1vyjr3jRG7afmDoHJLt21Lwjuxoe-0-554edc3bdb1d368dce9f561561786ff7)
图C-38 预埋管筒处裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_04.jpg?sign=1739565686-P8YcZVm2998eogSFrolN1dtHDBmBMunC-0-ba9ba53517a01e32cfa232cdd38cb8c4)
图C-39 吊点部位裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_05.jpg?sign=1739565686-2ifslmtdicULti3ej3msqiunFyzcWML5-0-f8ba26440125d5d5fdc802fadb6ab799)
图C-40 楼梯踏角脱模裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_06.jpg?sign=1739565686-USR6w41vmTUogCmB1ADADf2hSqbChlSK-0-e2384adc584c091d6c63e92e86486000)
图C-41 存放产生的裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_07.jpg?sign=1739565686-6IwMOhYbqReaHtmxU3TuwUKylDEvkP3c-0-d381338a0453c375b413bdcafa978d4b)
图C-42 叠合板安装后的裂缝
GRC裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_01.jpg?sign=1739565686-ftAA2QBeWRcBRuQ4wRPkv4SHUJGwAXkk-0-ae54f299ecdf845cdd646671a5cabfea)
图C-43 形体与节点刚性约束作用裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_02.jpg?sign=1739565686-njgTyniSunOz5249kFh9WI7DnZXfsNQl-0-c0e5ffade0169cdd2873921910bbd9cb)
图C-44 节点刚性约束裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_03.jpg?sign=1739565686-88FPi4pqJJ4ukqTT3Lhhae7jja0ZP9uz-0-2f6ceedcf5dab31c2b714fac91aea185)
图C-45 干湿变形收缩被约束裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_04.jpg?sign=1739565686-qjjCEG5qy402WgtaZ2MOg7cKWcorhsEY-0-1f3e7d9a49ee6851f1821ee22c4ce871)
图C-46 主体结构变形作用斜裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_05.jpg?sign=1739565686-rYpAStDS2KR7g7TbQzC0hO6p4sYfilXo-0-c27da0adaef706b10d79dd9d8b40b7a4)
图C-47 构件边缘裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_06.jpg?sign=1739565686-VrldwqdMJFpye2qchk7TbIlSq0D8R9cB-0-bfdb9aa1cf36bbe2da8d10bb6c121456)
图C-48 构件接缝裂缝